Blink reflex studies in focal dystonias: Enhanced excitability of brainstem interneurons in cranial dystonia and spasmodic torticollis
Identifieur interne : 006560 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 006559; suivant : 006561Blink reflex studies in focal dystonias: Enhanced excitability of brainstem interneurons in cranial dystonia and spasmodic torticollis
Auteurs : Tolosa [Espagne] ; Luis Montserrat [Espagne] ; Angeles Bayes [Espagne]Source :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 1988.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- physiology : Interneurons.
- physiopathology : Blepharospasm, Brain Stem, Cranial Nerves, Dystonia, Torticollis.
- Blinking, Electromyography, Humans.
Abstract
We have studied the orbicularis oculi reflex to paired stimuli in patients with various forms of focal dystonia and in normal controls. In normals, the conditioning stimulus (CS) facilitated the test stimulus (TS) early response (R1), but markedly inhibited the TS polysynaptic late response (R2). In all types of dystonias studied the CS facilitated the TSR1 as in normals. However, in patients with blepharospasm (alone or associated with oromandibular dystonia), spasmodic torticollis, or spasmodic dysphonia, it inhibited the TSR2 significantly less than that of the controls, with marked enhancement of the recovery curve of the late response. The TSR2 recovery curve of patients with focal arm dystonia was normal. These results are indicative of increased brainstem interneuron excitability in the various dystonias mediated by the cranial nerves, but not in focal arm dystonias such as dystonic writer's cramp. This abnormality might be caused by an abnormal input possibly from the basal ganglia upon these brainstem cells. Our results also suggest that a similar pathophysiology underlies the various focal dystonias of the head and neck.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/mds.870030108
Affiliations:
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Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1988">1988</date><biblScope unit="vol">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="61">61</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="69">69</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">55899E9E6B9460DB6FA619767BC08A7B62846827</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.870030108</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS870030108</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Blepharospasm (physiopathology)</term><term>Blink reflex</term><term>Blinking</term><term>Brain Stem (physiopathology)</term><term>Cranial Nerves (physiopathology)</term><term>Dystonia (physiopathology)</term><term>Electromyography</term><term>Focal dystonia</term><term>Humans</term><term>Interneuron excitability</term><term>Interneurons (physiology)</term><term>Torticollis (physiopathology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Interneurons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiopathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Blepharospasm</term><term>Brain Stem</term><term>Cranial Nerves</term><term>Dystonia</term><term>Torticollis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Blinking</term><term>Electromyography</term><term>Humans</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We have studied the orbicularis oculi reflex to paired stimuli in patients with various forms of focal dystonia and in normal controls. In normals, the conditioning stimulus (CS) facilitated the test stimulus (TS) early response (R1), but markedly inhibited the TS polysynaptic late response (R2). In all types of dystonias studied the CS facilitated the TSR1 as in normals. However, in patients with blepharospasm (alone or associated with oromandibular dystonia), spasmodic torticollis, or spasmodic dysphonia, it inhibited the TSR2 significantly less than that of the controls, with marked enhancement of the recovery curve of the late response. The TSR2 recovery curve of patients with focal arm dystonia was normal. These results are indicative of increased brainstem interneuron excitability in the various dystonias mediated by the cranial nerves, but not in focal arm dystonias such as dystonic writer's cramp. This abnormality might be caused by an abnormal input possibly from the basal ganglia upon these brainstem cells. Our results also suggest that a similar pathophysiology underlies the various focal dystonias of the head and neck.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li></country><region><li>Catalogne</li></region><settlement><li>Barcelone</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><region name="Catalogne"><name sortKey="Tolosa" sort="Tolosa" uniqKey="Tolosa" last="Tolosa">Tolosa</name></region><name sortKey="Bayes, Angeles" sort="Bayes, Angeles" uniqKey="Bayes A" first="Angeles" last="Bayes">Angeles Bayes</name><name sortKey="Montserrat, Luis" sort="Montserrat, Luis" uniqKey="Montserrat L" first="Luis" last="Montserrat">Luis Montserrat</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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